The skin is recognized as the largest organ in the human body, constituting approximately 12-15% of body weight. It is a remarkably dynamic and complex organ, fulfilling various specific roles, including endocrine, immunological, and metabolic functions. Beyond its biological significance, the skin serves as a crucial social organ. It plays a vital cosmetic role, exerting a profound influence on social interactions, confidence, body image, professional aspects, and even mate selection. Whether rightly or wrongly, the condition of the skin is often crudely utilized as a marker for the perceived general health status of an individual.
Structure and Functions
The skin consists of 3 main layers, each with its own primary function.
Epidermis
The outermost layer acts as a barrier, preventing the loss of fluids and electrolytes while providing protection against external insults or injuries.
It serves as the primary site for vitamin D production.
The epidermis is subdivided into five layers or strata.
Dermis
This layer is the source of nutritional and structural support that is responsible for the thickness of the skin.
It is ladened with nerves, blood vessels and sweat glands, and is primarily composed of collagen.
Hypodermis
This layer is also known as subcutaneous fat layer.
It is composed of adipocytes (fat cell) which serves as an important energy source for the body.
Its functions include shock absorption, offering mechanical protection and providing insulation.
Impaired Skin Barrier Leads to Dry Skin
Maintaining a healthy skin barrier is largely dependent on the process of desquamation in the epidermis. On average, the skin renews itself approximately every 28 days in younger adults, and this process may extend to up to 60 days in older adults, although variations exist based on factors such as age, genetics, and overall health. Skin disease can occur when this process is disrupted. Decreased shedding of skin cells from the surface may result in ichthyosis, whereas increased epidermal cell turnover results in psoriasis.
Furthermore, the disruption of the skin's epidermal barrier can lead to increased water loss, known as transepidermal water loss (TEWL), resulting in conditions such as eczema or atopic dermatitis. This disruption can give rise to symptoms including dry skin, increased sensitivity, inflammation, pigmentation issues, wrinkles, and susceptibility to infection. Cosmetically, dry skin has been observed to exhibit a weaker barrier function compared to normal skin. Dry skin often presents as rough, uneven, flaky, and even fissured; individuals may experience symptoms such as tightness, discomfort, itching, or pain.
***TEWL is insensible water loss through the skin via diffusion and evaporation, making it therefore different to perspiration.
Why Is Water So Important To The Skin?
https://ozderm.com.au/objectively-assessing-the-skin-barrier-function/
The outermost layer of the skin is the stratum corneum (SC), which constitutes the initial layer of the epidermis and is colloquially known as the 'horny layer.' This layer contains a natural moisturizing factor (NMF). The primary role of NMF is to prevent TEWL, allowing the stratum corneum to maintain hydration even in dry environments. Adequate hydration of the SC is crucial for maintaining soft, flexible, and healthy skin.
Continuous loss of water through TEWL at a rate faster than it can be replenished results in dry skin. Therefore, regular hydration of the skin with a daily moisturizer is both cosmetically and functionally significant. It plays a pivotal role in promoting skin health and reducing the appearance of fine wrinkles.
Causes of Skin Barrier Damage
Potential causes of skin barrier damage include:
Environmental factors - dry or humid environment, hot or cold weather, allergens, pollutants, cuts or wounds
Lifestyle factors - smoking, excessive sun exposure, an unhealthy diet, sleep deprivation, psychological stress, hot baths or shower
Family history of skin conditions, skin disease, ethnicity
Skin pH - the normal human range of the skin pH is 4.5 -5.5, higher pHs have been associated with acute dermatitis
How to Protect the Skin Barrier
Indeed, prevention is often more effective than cure, and safeguarding the skin barrier is crucial for maintaining optimal skin quality and health.
To protect your skin barrier, consider the following steps:
1. Minimize Sun Exposure
UV rays can cause skin cellular damage. Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 and reapply 2 to 4 hourly throughout the day.
2. Adopt a Healthy Lifestyle:
Maintain a healthy diet, as nutrition plays a crucial role in supporting a healthy skin barrier.
3. Gentle Skincare Practices:
Avoid irritating your skin with prolonged exposure to hot baths and refrain from aggressive rubbing when drying your face after washing.
4. Choose Quality Skincare Products:
Invest in high-quality skincare products, including a cleanser, moisturizer, and sunscreen. These are essential components of a daily skincare routine.
5. Incorporate Antioxidants and Retinol:
Consider adding antioxidants like vitamin C serum or ferulic acid, as well as retinol, to your skincare routine for added protection and rejuvenation.
For optimal skin health, we encourage you to explore advanced skincare options, including injectables and skin boosters. These treatments can significantly enhance skin quality and repair a damaged skin barrier. At Dream Clinic, we provide a diverse range of options, including:
One of the highest concentrations of hyaluronic acid on the market,
When injected into the skin, it not only boosts and hydrates the skin but also stimulates the skin cells to counteract skin laxity and remodel aging and sagging tissue.
NCTF Injection:
Contains Hyaluronic acid and 59 types of skin-revitalizing ingredients including vitamins, amino acids, coenzymes, nucleic acid and minerals.
Polynucleotide Injections such as Plinest and Rejuran:
Utilize polynucleotides to stimulate skin regeneration and improve elasticity.
Known for promoting skin healing and regeneration, helping to address fine lines and wrinkles.
Mesotherapy:
Involves the injection of vitamins, peptides, and other nutrients to nourish and rejuvenate the skin.
Nutshell
Maintaining a healthy skin barrier is essential for optimal skin health and overall well-being. A robust skin barrier acts as a shield, preventing moisture loss, protecting against environmental factors, and promoting skin resilience. At our clinic, our dedicated team is committed to providing personalized solutions tailored to individual needs. Discover the transformative benefits of healthy skin by scheduling a consultation at our clinic. Your journey to radiant and resilient skin starts with us.
